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Scan Parameters Impacting Radiation Dose and Image Quality - Reconstruction Algorithms

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Regarding reconstruct algorithms, every image when it is

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reconstructed, it goes through different algorithms

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to generate the images.

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Prior to that, I also want to share one other concept called

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display field of view.

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So this is a scanner of a head CT, but this displayed into

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25-centimeter display field of view.

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Means the object is out, the scan is obtained, now we can express

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displaying in different size. If this is obtained at 25

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centimeter, the object displayed and the image looks like this.

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If it is a display set at 10 centimeter,

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only part of the image is displayed.

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So that is where it is,

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one of the trade-off is the display field of view can

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never exceed the scan field of view.

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Means you can't suddenly reconstruct image outside the scan field of view is

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what the take-home message.

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Among the reconstruction algorithm, this is one of the secrets of all

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the vendors, how they reconstruct the image.

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They use lot of the mathematical approximation and benefit to display the

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image very accurately.

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These things affect both the spatial and contrast resolution,

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which we're going to discuss later.

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And that is selected based on the clinical lead.

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Irrespective of the vendor, I like to categorize the reconstruct

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algorithm family into three different categories.

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The sharp reconstruct algorithms,

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soft reconstruct algorithms, and standard reconstruct algorithms.

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So now this is part of the secondary factor

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because once the image is obtained now, you can

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reconstruct using sharp algorithm to display very sharp

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object such as the lungs or the sharp or

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very fine structure or the soft.

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So the raw data is already obtained.

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Now we can fix it in different reconstruct algorithm and the standard algorithms.

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So what I want to show you here is like the family of

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smooth algorithms,

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medium algorithms, and sharp algorithms, and how

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them impact the image noise and the spatial

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resolution. If you just see the image noise, the

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image noise in the images reconstructed with the smooth algorithms are

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as the lowest image noise.

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The same data reconstructed with the sharp algorithm, the image noise is very

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high. However, in terms of spatial resolution,

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the spatial resolution is poor with the smooth algorithm, is

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very high with the sharp algorithm.

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So that's where the trade-off comes into picture.

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Here is a simulated images,

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very smooth algorithm, where the standard deviation is here,

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26.9, and here the standard deviation is

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107 standard deviation, and this is a very noisy,

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and this is using a ultra-sharp reconstruct algorithm.

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And the reconstruct interval also impacts how the images are

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displayed. This is a reconstruct interval of five millimeter, whereas a reconstruct

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of one millimeter is a finer thing.

Report

Faculty

Mahadevappa Mahesh, PhD, FACR, MS, FAAPM, FACMP, FSCCT, FIOMP

Professor of Radiology and Cardiology

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Tags

Physics and Basic Science

Nuclear Medicine

CT