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Wk 4, Case 4 - Review

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0:04

This patient.

0:05

I didn't read this patient clinically, so I actually,

0:08

I updated the report and the slides

0:10

because, um, there was, um, again, um,

0:15

a mening that I didn't talk about in the report.

0:17

So Shriver mentioned to us, here it is.

0:23

Let me pull the ct, the access

0:29

to the difference solution.

0:31

Yeah, here you go. Okay, so we have here the,

0:35

this is the twittery, this theologic twittery activity

0:40

that we are used to, right?

0:42

And there's this focal activity,

0:43

focal intense activity in the LAR region, right?

0:47

This is men of course, we all know that mening,

0:49

we mening gmas express our receptor

0:51

receptors and we see it all the time.

0:53

And usually like brain mass from neuroendocrin tumor is

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super duper rare.

0:58

So this is, this is much,

1:01

much more likely to be a mening gma.

1:02

We see mening GMA all the time.

1:03

Actually, I have cases where we saw Mening, we did MRI,

1:08

it was too small for even MRIs to see it, believe it or not.

1:12

MRI couldn't see it, but it wasn't mening.

1:14

It was not metastatic. So this is,

1:16

look, look at the location.

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Oh, it's obviously extra axi, right? And it's hot here.

1:23

We used to see it on ultra scan.

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If you guys remember even core exam used to, uh,

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I mean our radiology exam, um, used to ask about it.

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They would tell you an oxygen scan

1:32

with a focal activity in the head

1:33

and to ask, what is this Oma?

1:36

It is known, right? So one of the non neuroendocrin tumors

1:40

that expressed smart statin receptors, other than

1:43

that is the primary being pancreatic mass here.

1:47

That is intensely SA avid,

1:53

very hot pancreatic mass, right?

1:57

And um,

2:01

and the same concept, you have to look carefully around it

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for the regional lymph nodes.

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Is there any aortic?

2:10

My experience with the,

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and we do a lot of neuroendocrin tumors, pancreatic mass,

2:15

pancreat, uh, masses usually love to go

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to the al lymph nodes.

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Med gut, neuroendocrin tumor, love to go to the mesenteric.

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Later on you can have,

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for the med gut you can have metastatic and al,

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but usually, predominantly med gut will be mesenteric.

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Pancreatic will be tronia. This is usually the pattern.

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So when you have mesenteric nodes, a lot of mesenteric nodes

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and you don't see the primary me enteric is 99%

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of the time it's gonna be med gut, which means small bowel.

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Look carefully at the small bowel.

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And usually it's gonna be in, in the vicinity

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of the mesenteric nodes.

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So see, where is your bulk of mesenteric? The

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Largest mesenteric node.

3:00

And look closer to it.

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You will find focal activity.

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It's not gonna be as prominent.

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It's gonna be smaller

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and less hot than the mesenteric node itself.

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Fussing to a gut, fusing to a small bowel.

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This is gonna be your primary side. I'll show you.

3:18

The next case is a small bowel.

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This case doesn't have anything. A

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necrotic obviously necrotic, right?

3:23

You see the central Nia intensely, CC avid,

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pancreatic head mass, nothing else, no lymph nodes.

3:31

And then you go up, you have to decrease the intensity

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because still this is still too hot

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and will make you feel that everything is like popping up.

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So this a little bit more. And then look through the liver.

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The liver is like really this is, this is,

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this is a little more lighter than it would like.

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And then anyway, so nothing the liver you already got looked

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at, this liver was clean

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also and nothing else.

4:00

And you always look at the map.

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Don't forget to look at the map.

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So this is just pancreatic.

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And I did put the staging,

4:12

the a g CCC eighth edition

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because in the eighth edition there was significant change.

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It was for the first time ever

4:20

that they separated the pancreatic neuro, the consumer.

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Then the regular till that addition,

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till the seventh edition pancreatic neuroendocrin tumor were

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staged similar to the pancreat, uh, exocrine

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or adenocarcinoma, which was not fair

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because adenocarcinoma is very aggressive tumor.

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Why neuroendocrin tumor is not have very two or not.

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Um, so the staging was not working.

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But then in the eighth edition, finally they recognized

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that neuro pancreatic neuroendocrin tumor should have their

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own staging, right?

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Because this is linked to survivals.

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So they separated them and we had, uh, a separate staging.

5:00

So this is why I included this in your, uh, the slides.

Report

Please note: Items with dashed lines (--) are information withheld as it is not relevant for you to arrive at the correct findings and impression for the report and/or it was withheld for privacy information. The items were left in to show you the typical information documented in a PET report.

Clinical Indication:
Recently diagnosed primary well differentiated NET within the head of pancreas, initial evaluation

Technique:
Preparation: Not on Somatostatin Analogue Therapy.
Radiopharmaceutical: ------ mCi of Ga-68 dotatate (NETSPOT), a somatostatin analogue (SSA), administered intravenously at ------ at ---- PM
Incubation interval: ---- minutes.
Oral contrast: ---.
Positioning: Arms by sides.
PET/CT scanner: Siemens Biograph 40 mCT.
PET/CT acquisition: Vertex-to-mid-thighs.
PET reconstruction method: Point Spread Function-Time of Flight (PSF-TOF), 2 iterations, 21 subsets, with and without CT-based attenuation correction.
Standardized uptake value (SUV): Corrected for body weight only.
CT: Low-dose, non-breath-hold, without intravenous contrast.
TOTAL DLP (Dose Length Product): ----- mGy cm.
COMPARISON/CORRELATION:
--------------
Findings:

Technical quality: Diagnostic.

Head and Neck:
Focal intense DOTA activity fusing to the left para-sellar region with maximum SUV 7.4 image 39, likely representing a meningioma.
No other suspicious DOTA avid lesions within the head and neck.
No suspicious DOTA avid cervical lymphadenopathy.
Partial opacification of left maxillary sinus consistent with sinus disease.

Chest:
No suspicious DOTA-avid lesions within the chest.
No suspicious DOTA-avid mediastinal or hilar adenopathy.
No suspicious pulmonary nodules.
No enlarged mediastinal, or axillary adenopathy.
No focal consolidation or pleural effusion.
The heart size is normal with no pericardial effusion.
The thoracic aorta and coronary arteries are atherosclerotic.

Abdomen and Pelvis:
Large, intensely SSA avid, centrally necrotic mass in the uncinate process of the pancreas measuring 4.4 x 5.2 cm with maximum SUV of 119.4, compatible with known primary malignancy.
No suspicious DOTA-avid adenopathy in the abdomen or pelvis.
The unenhanced liver, spleen, pancreas and adrenal glands appear unremarkable.
No hydronephrosis.
Status post cholecystectomy.
Tiny hiatal hernia.
Small calcifications in both kidneys could represent nonobstructing tiny calculi, vascular calcifications or combination of both.
A 3.0 cm exophytic photopenic hyperdense left renal cyst.
No ascites is identified.
No evidence of bowel obstruction.
Skeleton and Soft Tissues:
No suspicious DOTA-avid osseous lesions.
No suspicious lytic or blastic osseous lesions.
Advanced degenerative change throughout the spine.
Median sternotomy wires.


Impression:
1. Intensely DOTA-avid pancreatic head mass with central necrosis is compatible with primary NET.
2. No evidence of DOTA-avid regional or distant metastatic disease.
3. Focal intense DOTA activity fusing to the left para-sellar region, likely representing a meningioma, can be further evaluated with MRI brain.

Case Discussion

Faculty

Riham El Khouli, MD

Associate Professor of Radiology, Chief, Division of Nuclear Medicine/Molecular Imaging & Radiotheranostics

University of Kentucky

Michael F. Shriver, MD

Director of Nuclear Medicine

Proscan-NCH Imaging

Tags

PET/CT DOTATATE

PET

Nuclear Medicine

Neuroendocrine

CT